doc: explain extra histogram bits

parent b6307a27
...@@ -148,9 +148,9 @@ The timestamp is the sum of the widths of the traversed bins: ...@@ -148,9 +148,9 @@ The timestamp is the sum of the widths of the traversed bins:
R_{0}(n) = \displaystyle\sum\limits_{i=n}^{N-1}{W_{0}(i)} = \frac{T_{sys}}{C} \cdot \displaystyle\sum\limits_{i=n}^{N-1}{H(i)} R_{0}(n) = \displaystyle\sum\limits_{i=n}^{N-1}{W_{0}(i)} = \frac{T_{sys}}{C} \cdot \displaystyle\sum\limits_{i=n}^{N-1}{H(i)}
\end{equation} \end{equation}
In the TDC core, the unit is the clock period, and the output has $F$ base 2 digits after the radix points. The controller also chooses\footnote{This choice was made for design simplicity reasons, and the precision can be improved by increasing C.} $C=2^F$. Expressed in units of $2^{-F}$ clock periods (which is the weight of the least significant bit of the fixed-point output), we have: In the TDC core, the unit is the clock period, and the output has $F$ base 2 digits after the radix points. The controller also chooses $C=2^{F+P}$, where $P$ is the number of \textit{extra histogram bits}. Expressed in units of $2^{-F}$ clock periods (which is the weight of the least significant bit of the fixed-point output), we have:
\begin{equation} \begin{equation}
\frac{T_{sys}}{C}=1 \frac{T_{sys}}{C}=2^{-P}
\end{equation} \end{equation}
\subsubsection{Online calibration} \subsubsection{Online calibration}
...@@ -170,6 +170,7 @@ The top-level entity \verb!tdc! has the following generics: ...@@ -170,6 +170,7 @@ The top-level entity \verb!tdc! has the following generics:
\item \verb!g_CARRY4_COUNT! is the number of \verb!CARRY4! elements in the delay line of each channel. Each \verb!CARRY4! has 4 outputs, so the number of taps of the delay line is $4 \cdot \verb!g_CARRY4_COUNT!$. \item \verb!g_CARRY4_COUNT! is the number of \verb!CARRY4! elements in the delay line of each channel. Each \verb!CARRY4! has 4 outputs, so the number of taps of the delay line is $4 \cdot \verb!g_CARRY4_COUNT!$.
\item \verb!g_RAW_COUNT! represents the number of bits at the output of the encoder. It should be set to the smallest value that verifies $4\cdot \verb!g_CARRY4_COUNT! \le 2^{\verb!g_RAW_COUNT!}-1$. \item \verb!g_RAW_COUNT! represents the number of bits at the output of the encoder. It should be set to the smallest value that verifies $4\cdot \verb!g_CARRY4_COUNT! \le 2^{\verb!g_RAW_COUNT!}-1$.
\item \verb!g_FP_COUNT! defines the number of desired digits after the radix point. \item \verb!g_FP_COUNT! defines the number of desired digits after the radix point.
\item \verb!g_EXHIS_COUNT! defines the number of desired extra histogram bits. Extra histogram bits improve precision by increasing $C$ and averaging statistical errors out.
\item \verb!g_COARSE_COUNT! is the size, in bits, of the coarse counter which is incremented at each cycle. \item \verb!g_COARSE_COUNT! is the size, in bits, of the coarse counter which is incremented at each cycle.
\item \verb!g_RO_LENGTH! defines how many \verb!LUT! primitives used as inverters are chained in the ring oscillator of each channel. For the ring oscillators to operate, this number must be odd. \item \verb!g_RO_LENGTH! defines how many \verb!LUT! primitives used as inverters are chained in the ring oscillator of each channel. For the ring oscillators to operate, this number must be odd.
\item \verb!g_FCOUNTER_WIDTH! is the width, in bits, of the counter used to measure the frequency of the ring oscillator. Increasing this width allows for a more precise frequency measurement. \item \verb!g_FCOUNTER_WIDTH! is the width, in bits, of the counter used to measure the frequency of the ring oscillator. Increasing this width allows for a more precise frequency measurement.
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