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White Rabbit
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presentations/WR_Maciej_EFTS_2019/wr_efts_2019.tex
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\title[White Rabbit\hspace{3em}\insertframenumber/\inserttotalframenumber]{White Rabbit} \title[White Rabbit\hspace{3em}\insertframenumber/\inserttotalframenumber]{White Rabbit}
\author{Javier Serrano} \author{Maciej Lipi\'{n}ski}
\institute{CERN BE-CO\\Hardware and Timing section} \institute{CERN BE-CO\\Hardware and Timing section}
\date[28 June 2018]{European Frequency and Time Seminar\\Besançon, 28 June 2018} \date[4 July 2018]{European Frequency and Time Seminar\\Besançon, 4 July 2019}
\AtBeginSection[] \AtBeginSection[]
{ {
...@@ -97,89 +97,108 @@ ...@@ -97,89 +97,108 @@
\section{Introduction} \section{Introduction}
\subsection{} \subsection{}
%======================= %=======================
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\begin{frame}{What is White Rabbit?} \begin{frame}{What is White Rabbit?}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\begin{columns}[c] \begin{columns}[c]
\column{0.8\textwidth} \column{0.75\textwidth}
\small
% \textcolor{white}{dddd dsaf asd fasd fdsa fads f dsa fdsa f dsaf dsa fdsa f dsaf dsaf fds}
\begin{itemize} \begin{itemize}
\item Renovation of accelerator's control and timing
\item Based on well-known technologies \item<1-> Initiated to renovate accelerator's ctrl \& timing
\item Open Hardware and Open Software with commercial support \item<2-> Based on well-established standards
\item International collaboration \begin{itemize}\footnotesize
\item Many users: CERN, GSI, KM3NET, cosmic ray detectors, metrology labs... \item <3->Bridged Local Area Network \textcolor{gray}{(IEEE 802.1Q)}
\item <3->Ethernet \textcolor{gray}{(IEEE 802.3)}
\item <4->Precision Time Protocol \textcolor{gray}{(IEEE 1588)}
\end{itemize}
\item<6->Extends standards to meet CERN requirements and provides
\begin{enumerate}
\item \color{blue!90}{\textbf{Sub-ns synchronization}}
\item \color{red}{{\textbf{Deterministic data transfer}}}
\end{enumerate}
\item<7-> Open Source with commercial support
\item<8-> Many users worldwide, inc. metrology labs...
\end{itemize} \end{itemize}
\column{0.3\textwidth}
% \textcolor{white}{dddd dsaf asd fasd fdsa fads f dsa fdsa f dsaf dsa fdsa f dsaf dsaf fds}
% \textcolor{white}{dddd dsaf asd fasd fdsa fads f dsa fdsa f dsaf dsa fdsa f dsaf dsaf fds}
\textcolor{white}{dddd dsaf asd fasd fdsa fads f dsa fdsa f dsaf dsa fdsa f dsaf dsaf fds}
\column{0.4\textwidth}
\begin{center} \begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=1.0\textwidth]{logo/WRlogo.pdf} % \includegraphics<1>[width=1.0\textwidth]{additionalForPres/intro-1.jpg}
\includegraphics<3>[width=1.0\textwidth]{misc/LAN.jpg}
\includegraphics<4>[width=1.0\textwidth]{misc/ieee-1588-ptp-example.jpg}
\includegraphics<5>[width=1.0\textwidth]{network/WR_network-ethernet.pdf}
\includegraphics<6->[width=1.0\textwidth]{network/wr_network-enhanced_pro.pdf}
\end{center} \end{center}
\end{columns} \end{columns}\small\pause\pause\pause\pause\pause\pause\pause\pause
\url{https://www.ohwr.org/projects/white-rabbit/}
\end{frame} \end{frame}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\begin{frame}{Open \textbf{and} commercially available off-the-shelf}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\includegraphics[width=1.0\textwidth]{misc/WR-zoo.jpg}\vspace{-1cm}
\begin{center}
\small
\textbf{Companies selling White Rabbit:} \url{www.ohwr.org/projects/white-rabbit/wiki/wrcompanies}
\end{center}
\begin{frame}{Why we use Open Hardware ?}
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=.7\textwidth]{ohwr/commercial_and_open.pdf}
\end{center}
\begin{itemize}
\item Get a design just the way we want it
\item Peer review and design re-use
\item Healthier relationship with companies
\end{itemize}
\end{frame} \end{frame}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\begin{frame}{White Rabbit: an \emph{extension} of Ethernet}
\begin{columns}[c]
\column{.5\textwidth}
\begin{itemize}
\item Standard Ethernet network
\item Ethernet features (VLAN) \& protocols (SNMP)
\end{itemize}
\begin{itemize}
\item \color{Blue}{Sub-ns synchronisation}
\item \color{Red}{Guaranteed (by design) upper bound in frame latency}
\end{itemize}
\column{.6\textwidth}
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[height=1.05\textwidth]{network/wr_network-enhanced_pro.pdf}
\end{center}
\end{columns}
\end{frame}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\begin{frame}{White Rabbit application examples} \begin{frame}{White Rabbit application examples}
% \small
\footnotesize
\begin{columns}[c] \begin{columns}[c]
\column{0.7\textwidth} \column{0.7\textwidth}
\begin{itemize} \begin{itemize}
\item<1-> \color<2->{black!50}{CERN and GSI} \item<1-> \color<2->{black!50}{CERN and GSI}
\item<2-> \color<3->{black!50}{HiSCORE: Gamma\&Cosmic-Ray experiment} \item<2-> \color<3->{black!50}{The Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory}
\item<3-> \color<4->{black!50}{The Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory} \item<3-> \color<4->{black!50}{KM3NET: European deep-sea neutrino telescope}
\item<4-> \color<5->{black!50}{MIKES: Centre for metrology and accreditation} \item<4-> \color<5->{black!50}{German Stock Exchange}
\item<5-> {KM3NET: European deep-sea neutrino telescope} \item<5-> Metrology laboratories
\begin{table}
\tiny
\begin{tabular}{
| c | c | c | c | } \hline
\textbf{Time Lab}& \textbf{Country} & \textbf{Link Length}& \textbf{Time Error}\\ \hline
VTT & Finland & 950~km & $\pm$2ns \\ \cline{3-4}
MIKES & & 50~km & $<$1ns \\ \hline
VSL & Netherlands & 2x137~km & $\approx$8ns \\ \hline
% & & 25~km & 150ps & 1-2ps@1000s \\ \cline{3-5}
LNE- & & 25~km & 150ps \\ \cline{3-4}
SYRTE & France & 125~km & 2.5ns \\ \cline{3-4}
& & 4x125~km & 2.5ns \\ \hline
NIST & USA & $<$10~km & $<$200ps \\ \hline
NLP & UK & 2x80~km & $<$1ns \\ \hline
& & 50~km & 800ps $\pm$56ps\\ \cline{3-4}
INRIM & Italy & 70~km & 610ps $\pm$47ps\\ \hline
% & 400~km & & \\ \hline
\end{tabular}
\end{table}
\end{itemize} \end{itemize}
\column{0.45\textwidth} \column{0.45\textwidth}
\begin{center} \begin{center}
\includegraphics<1>[width=0.80\textwidth]{applications/gsiANDcern.pdf} \includegraphics<1>[width=0.80\textwidth]{applications/gsiANDcern.pdf}
\pause \includegraphics<2>[width=1\textwidth]{applications/lhaaso.pdf}
\includegraphics<2>[width=1\textwidth]{applications/tunka.pdf} \includegraphics<3>[width=1\textwidth]{applications/KM3NeT.pdf}
\pause \includegraphics<4>[width=1\textwidth]{applications/GermanStockExchange.jpg}
\includegraphics<3>[width=1\textwidth]{applications/lhaaso.pdf}
\pause
\includegraphics<4>[width=.7\textwidth]{applications/mikes.pdf}
\pause
\includegraphics<5->[width=1\textwidth]{applications/KM3NeT.pdf}
\end{center} \end{center}
\end{columns} \end{columns}
\pause \pause
{\small More WR collaborators: \url{http://www.ohwr.org/projects/white-rabbit/wiki/WRUsers}} {\scriptsize Users page: \url{http://www.ohwr.org/projects/white-rabbit/wiki/WRUsers}}
{\scriptsize Article:\textit{White Rabbit Applications and Enhancements}, M.Lipinski et. al, ISPCS2018}
\end{frame} \end{frame}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
...@@ -187,11 +206,11 @@ ...@@ -187,11 +206,11 @@
\section{Technology} \section{Technology}
\subsection{} \subsection{}
\begin{frame}{White Rabbit technology} \begin{frame}{White Rabbit technology - sub-ns synchronization}
\begin{block}{Based on} \begin{block}{Based on}
\begin{itemize} \begin{itemize}
\item Gigabit Ethernet over fibre \item Gigabit Ethernet over fibre
\item IEEE-1588 protocol \item IEEE 1588 Precision Time Protocol
\end{itemize} \end{itemize}
\end{block} \end{block}
\pause \pause
...@@ -242,7 +261,7 @@ ...@@ -242,7 +261,7 @@
\end{center} \end{center}
\end{frame} \end{frame}
\begin{frame}{Digital Dual Mixer Time Difference}{DDMTD} \begin{frame}{Digital Dual Mixer Time Difference (DDMTD)}
\begin{itemize} \begin{itemize}
\item Used for precise phase measurements \item Used for precise phase measurements
...@@ -256,6 +275,31 @@ ...@@ -256,6 +275,31 @@
\end{frame} \end{frame}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\begin{frame}{SoftPLL}
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=.9\textwidth]{protocol/dmpll_diagram-slides.pdf}
\end{center}
\end{frame}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\begin{frame}{Link delay model}
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=0.9\textwidth]{calibration/link-model.pdf}
\end{center}
\begin{itemize}
\item static hardware delays: $\Delta_{TXM}$, $\Delta_{RXM}$, $\Delta_{TXS}$, $\Delta_{RXS}$
\item semi-static hardware delays: $\epsilon_M$, $\epsilon_S$
\item fiber asymmetry coefficient: $\alpha = \frac{\delta_{MS} - \delta_{SM}}{\delta_{SM}}$
\end{itemize}
\pause
\begin{block}{}
Calibration procedure to find $\Delta_{TXM}$, $\Delta_{RXM}$,
$\Delta_{TXS}$, $\Delta_{RXS}$ and $\alpha$.
\end{block}
\end{frame}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\begin{frame}{Link delay model} \begin{frame}{Link delay model}
\begin{center} \begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=0.9\textwidth]{calibration/link-model.pdf} \includegraphics[width=0.9\textwidth]{calibration/link-model.pdf}
...@@ -263,7 +307,7 @@ ...@@ -263,7 +307,7 @@
\begin{itemize} \begin{itemize}
\item static hardware delays: $\Delta_{TXM}$, $\Delta_{RXM}$, $\Delta_{TXS}$, $\Delta_{RXS}$ \item static hardware delays: $\Delta_{TXM}$, $\Delta_{RXM}$, $\Delta_{TXS}$, $\Delta_{RXS}$
\item semi-static hardware delays: $\epsilon_M$, $\epsilon_S$ \item semi-static hardware delays: $\epsilon_M$, $\epsilon_S$
\item fibre asymmetry coefficient: $\alpha = \frac{\delta_{MS} - \delta_{SM}}{\delta_{SM}}$ \item fiber asymmetry coefficient: $\alpha = \frac{\delta_{MS} - \delta_{SM}}{\delta_{SM}}$
\end{itemize} \end{itemize}
\pause \pause
\begin{block}{} \begin{block}{}
...@@ -279,10 +323,10 @@ ...@@ -279,10 +323,10 @@
\begin{frame}{Typical WR network} \begin{frame}{Typical WR network}
\begin{center} \begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=.5\textwidth]{network/wr_network-enhanced_pro.pdf} \includegraphics[width=.45\textwidth]{network/wr_network-enhanced_pro.pdf}
\end{center} \end{center}
\end{frame} \end{frame}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\begin{frame}[t,fragile]{White Rabbit Switch} \begin{frame}[t,fragile]{White Rabbit Switch}
\begin{center} \begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{switch/wrSwitch_v3_3.jpg} \includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{switch/wrSwitch_v3_3.jpg}
...@@ -290,11 +334,15 @@ ...@@ -290,11 +334,15 @@
\item Central element of WR network \item Central element of WR network
\item 18 port gigabit Ethernet switch with WR features \item 18 port gigabit Ethernet switch with WR features
\item Optical transceivers: up to 10km, single-mode fiber \item Optical transceivers: up to 10km, single-mode fiber
\item Fully open design, commercially available \item Fully open, commercially available from 4 companies
\end{itemize} \end{itemize}
\end{center} \end{center}
\begin{center}
NOTE: Work started on a new switch with 10 gigabit Ethernet
\end{center}
\end{frame} \end{frame}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\begin{frame}{Simplified block diagram of the hardware} \begin{frame}{Simplified block diagram of the hardware}
\vspace{-0.3cm} \vspace{-0.3cm}
\begin{center} \begin{center}
...@@ -302,24 +350,18 @@ ...@@ -302,24 +350,18 @@
\end{center} \end{center}
\end{frame} \end{frame}
\begin{frame}{Simplified block diagram of the gateware} %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\begin{center}
\begin{adjustwidth}{-1.5em}{-1.5em}
\includegraphics[width=1.1\textwidth]{switch/switch_hdl_simple.pdf}
\end{adjustwidth}
\end{center}
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}{WR Node: SPEC board} \begin{frame}{WR Node: carrier board + FMC}
\begin{center} \vspace{-0.5cm}
\includegraphics[width=7cm]{node/spec.jpg} \begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=10cm]{node/shw_kit2.png}
\end{center} \end{center}
\begin{columns}[c] \begin{columns}[c]
\column{.01\textwidth} \column{.01\textwidth}
\column{.98\textwidth} \column{.98\textwidth}
\vspace{-0.5cm}
\begin{block}{FMC-based Hardware Kit} \begin{block}{FMC-based Hardware Kit}
\begin{itemize} \begin{itemize}
% \item Carrier boards in PCI-Express, VME, PXIe % \item Carrier boards in PCI-Express, VME, PXIe
...@@ -332,13 +374,13 @@ ...@@ -332,13 +374,13 @@
\column{.01\textwidth} \column{.01\textwidth}
\end{columns} \end{columns}
\end{frame} \end{frame}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\begin{frame}{White Rabbit PTP Core} \begin{frame}{White Rabbit PTP Core}
\begin{center} \begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{node/wrpc_inside-v3-0.pdf} \includegraphics[width=\textheight]{node/wrNode.jpg}
\end{center} \end{center}
\end{frame} \end{frame}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\section{Performance} \section{Performance}
\subsection{} \subsection{}
...@@ -355,32 +397,58 @@ ...@@ -355,32 +397,58 @@
\begin{center} \begin{center}
\includegraphics[height=6.0cm]{measurements/meas_results2.pdf} \includegraphics[height=6.0cm]{measurements/meas_results2.pdf}
\end{center} \end{center}
\begin{center}
\scriptsize Reported in 2011: \textit{"White Rabbit: a PTP application for robust sub-nanosecond synchronization} -- M. Lipinski et al, ISPCS2011
\end{center}
\end{frame} \end{frame}
\frame{\frametitle{An aside: PLL block diagram} %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{misc/pll_model.pdf} \subsection{}
} \begin{frame}{Performance Enhancements}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\frame{\frametitle{An aside: PLL transfer functions} \begin{itemize}\footnotesize
\begin{block}{Total output phase spectrum} \item<1-> Compensation of hardware temperature variation
$ \Phi_o(s) = H(s) \cdot \Phi_i(s) + E(s) \cdot \Phi_n(s) $ \begin{itemize}\scriptsize
\end{block} \item Triggered by cosmic ray detectors
\item Active correction of hardware temperature variation
\begin{block}{System transfer function (low pass)} \item Pk-pk variation from 700 ps to \textbf{$<$150 ps with sdev $<$50ps (-10 to 50$^o$C)}
$ H(s) = \frac{K_{VCO} K_d F(s)}{s + K_{VCO} K_d F(s)} $ \end{itemize}
\end{block} \item<2-> Link asymmetry correction
\begin{itemize}\scriptsize
\begin{block}{Error transfer function (high pass)} \item Triggered by radio telescope (Square Kilometre Array)
$ E(s) = 1 - H(s) = \frac{s}{s + K_{VCO} K_d F(s)} $ \item At 1310/1490nm, temp variation -0.12 ps/km/K (3ns for 80km over 50$^o$C)
\end{block} \item \textbf{Sub-ns for 80km over 50$^o$C} using DWDM SFP on ITU channels C21/C22 (1560.61/1558.98 nm)
} \end{itemize}
\item<3-> Absolute calibration
\frame{\frametitle{An aside: jitter optimisation} \begin{itemize}\scriptsize
\includegraphics[height=0.7\textwidth]{misc/pll_psd.pdf} \item Triggered by
} \item
\item
\end{itemize}
\item<4-> Long-haul link
\begin{itemize}\scriptsize
\item Triggered by National Time Labs and Radio Telescope
\item \textbf{Sub-ns} is achievable on links on \textbf{up to 80km}
\item \textbf{Ns on 137km} bidirectional \& \textbf{$\pm$2.5ns on 950km} unidirectional links
\end{itemize}
\item<5-> Jitter and clock stability (next slide)
\end{itemize}
\end{frame}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\subsection{}
\begin{frame}{Performance Enhancements}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\begin{itemize}\scriptsize
\item Triggered by National Laboratories and RF distribution
\item Allan deviation (ADEV) from 1e-11 to \textbf{1e-12} over 1s
\item Random jitter from 11 to \textbf{1.1ps RMS} (1 Hz to 100kHz)
\item Ongong work to achieve jitter of \textbf{sub-100fs RMS} (100Hz to 20MHz)
\end{itemize}
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}{Test setup for 10MHz switch output} \begin{frame}{Test setup for 10MHz switch output}
\begin{center} \begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{measurements/WRSlowJitter/rsz_experimental_setup.png} \includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{measurements/WRSlowJitter/rsz_experimental_setup.png}
......
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